The Collective Action Problem Of National Health Care Essays

The Collective Action Problem Of National Health Care When societies come together to form governing organizations the goal is to provide a means to deal with public goods. The most basic of these being stability and security for it's masses, but as a nation grows it's governing body's obligation does as well. As the nation's responsibilities grow the problem of collective action a rises. In this paper health care will be the public good in focus, and how the United States, Canada, and Germany each deal with the disbursement of this public good. A critique of each will be done with three approaches to the collective action problem as the guide. These three outlooks are Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan, the anarchistic solution, and the entrepreneurial solution. These will help us review each of the three chosen nations' methods of distributing health care to its citizens and which one works the best. The first country that we will look at is Germany. Germany has a strong tradition of state funded health care for it's citizens. The health care system of Germany was established 115 years ago on the heels of the industrial revolution of the 19th century. Having the oldest state run health care program, the German system has changed through out the years, yet has been able to adapt to the times. The German system covers 90% of the population, with the other 10% choosing private forms of health care (Tutuncu p.1). This system covers unlimited ambulatory physician care including home visits, unlimited hospital care with minor copayments, maternity care, prescription of drugs with unlimited copayments, medical supplies and devices, preventive care, family planning, rehabilitative services, and periodic ?rest cures? at certified health spas. The German plan also includes dental care including routine preventive care, restorative care, periodontal services, dentures and other prostheses a nd orthodontia, optical services (including glasses), and ambulance transport (Tutuncu p.2). With this type of coverage the German health system has been labeled one of the best in the world. The German approach to the need of health care for its' citizens is a form of the entrepreneurial solution. The German health care program has grown and improved over time because of political entrepreneurs that understand the importance of health care. Without the political entrepreneur catering to the public's need, public good would not be served. This method of dealing with the need for health care has proven to be very successful and has greatly improved the living standards of the German people. The next country that we will look at is Canada. Our neighbors to the north have an interesting system in that is a mixture of private and public distribution to form its' health care program. Private hospitals, physicians, and other institutions mainly carry out the services provided in Canadian health care. There are a few health services that are state operated, but the trend in Canada has been to privatize these as well. The state plays a bigger role in funding of these services rather than providing them. State funding for these private health care services comes from income taxes, sales taxes, ?sin? taxes, employer levies, health premiums, and property taxes (CNFH p.1). The Canadian government traditionally funds 75% of all health care expenditures yet recently this number has began to decline due to the increase in private payments (CNFH p.1). Canada's health care programs and funding fall under the entrepreneurial solution format. The Canadian system is in a transition between two types of entrepreneurs, political and private. This transition from the political entrepreneur to the private one could result in a potential disparity in quality of health care for citizens of Canada. The reason for this would be that political entrepreneurs court the public for support, there for improvements in the care and coverage would benefit them, but private entrepreneurs are in pursuit of profits, and improvements in care would be sold at a higher cost to increase those profits. In this system and in the path it is going down, health care could improve if you can afford it, but for those who can't care will become less of an option. The final country that we will look at is the United States. The United States operates

How to Write a Narrative Essay on Arranged Marriages in India

How to Write a Narrative Essay on Arranged Marriages in India Writing a narrative essay fulfills one of the three main forms of writing tasks you will encounter during your academic career. The narrative is an opportunity for you to write a story about your personal life inside of which you draw a connection to the themes you are reviewing in the classroom. When reviewing the item of arranged marriages in India, it is incumbent upon you to search carefully for a topic from your personal life, a story or experience, that you can relate to the themes which are embodied in this cultural tradition. Being a young student likely means you have never been forced into marriage yourself, but perhaps you have been involved in a marriage, or seen a marriage personally fall apart when the two people involved are not in love. While arranged marriages may not be as prevalent across western countries today, there are still social stigmas for those who have children out of wedlock to marry, something which you might relate strongly to the themes presented in y our classroom study. Review Themes For narrative pieces, you are challenged to look deeply into the text or texts you are studying, to review the multiple themes you might find within a book or story and to relate those to your personal experiences. Take some time to reflect upon the emotional struggles, social statuses, or economic problems that a family might face in such a situation as an arranged marriage, or review the personal struggle one might have to please one’s family and uphold traditions versus seeking personal happiness. You can find a story in your personal life where you were also conflicted with regard to doing what makes you happy and meeting with the expectations of your family. This is the type of story which will show to your teacher a greater understanding of the themes presented in your classroom readings. If you can’t formulate a clear topic, look through the suggested ones. They will certainly give you some idea. Use Personal Stories This type of writing is one which requires no research or references. You do not have to sit in the library for hours poring over books. You are, instead, asked to explore your creative writing talents, to bring to life a story or event from your personal life as the evidence you are using to explore a specific theme or topic. For the exploration of arranged marriages in India, you might pick the aforementioned theme of pleasing your family and present to the reader the argument that meeting family expectations means forgoing personal happiness, or that it brings a new form of personal happiness. From there you would, instead of showing a quote from an expert or a statistic as your evidence, show your personal story as the supporting detail. Working with Prompts In some cases your teacher will provide you with a prompt. They might ask you to describe a time when you overcame a personal challenge, or when you learned a hard life lesson, or when you experienced some form of discrimination. You might be asked to write a story about how your personality was changed from a single experience. If you are given a prompt like this, your goal is still the same; you want to show your point with a story from your personal life, but one which also conforms to the prompt pertaining to your reading. If you are not given such prompts, use our facts on arranged marriages in India. They will give you the information you lack. Visit our professional essay writing company  from which you can order a custom written narrative paper on any topic!

School change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

School change - Essay Example The school discussed in the paper is of elementary level so the points discussed will relate to this specific system only. Most of the people are aware of the basic image portraying a school girl or boy getting a bad result card or report. What happens if the result is given out directly to the students? More than often the child scared of the consequences either hides the report till the time to hand it back or may even destroy it. Some of them will return it to the teacher with forged signatures of their parents and both the school and the parents are unaware of the fact that the students are misusing the trust. Through this method which is mostly used by the schools it is most likely that the information is lost. Even the data of the students is easily tampered in the schools website or online data. Keeping in view of the lapses that may occur schools need to devise more appropriate communication plans that will lead to a beneficial mutual bond with in the community. The existing form of sending the report cards home and compiling the data is now out of date and extremely risky. The first step is to analyze or assess the basic need of how the communication channels can be built between the parents and the school. Survey on the need of communication will be conducted. This survey will have questions or address issues where people can provide their feedback. It will be sent with a letter addressing all those who are willing to give their time for the survey. The letter will be from the Principal of the school and will have the mission and vision statements available along with a brief idea about the schools objectives and goals. The forms thus collected will become the basic data from which further steps will be developed. Secondly the school will invite people for an in-house session where the Principal of the school will address them and share the concerns the school has